Further, freight cost by rail is ~45% lower on a per ton per km basis compared to average road freight cost.10 ii. Pollution reduction: Increased freight movement on higher sized trucks and rail will enable in ~12% reduction in CO 2 emissions for the top 15 nodes. Higher sized vehicles, on account of lower fuel consumption per ton per km, will ...Nov 19, 2009 · How does rail compare with truck in terms of fuel efficiency? This report provides a comprehensive evaluation of the factors that affect the relative performance of both modes in different corridors and scenarios. Find out the results and implications for freight transportation policy and planning. fuel efficiency, rail, truck, ton-miles per gallon, rail fuel efficiency, rail fuel consumption, rail energy efficiency, truck energy efficiency, mode comparison, freight energy. 16. PRICE CODE . 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION ... Truck Efficiency in ton-miles per gallon.....38 Exhibit 2-15. U.S. Heavy Duty Engine Emission Standards in …TANKER TRUCKS 5.4– 42.3 CENTS PER TON MILE FOR HIGHWAY FREIGHT 2.5–3 CENTS PER TON MILE FOR RAIL VS. VS. In 2014, the average rush-hour commuter spent about 42 HOURS IN TRAFFIC, wasting aweek's worth of fuel and contributing to at least $160 BILLION of the nation's delay and fuel cost, according to the Texas Transportation Institute. If we ... In terms of CO2 emissions per tonne of cargo transported one mile, shipping is recognised as the most efficient form of commercial transport. However, the enormous scale of the industry means that it is nevertheless a significant contributor to the world’s total greenhouse gas emissions (around 3% of total global CO2 emissions).Energy intensity is the amount of energy used to produce a given level of output or activity, which is measured by vehicle-miles, freight-car-miles, or ton-miles. Since 2010, the energy intensity of trucking has decreased by 3.2 percent while Btu per freight car-mile increased by 5.2 percent and Btu per ton-mile increased by 3.1 percent.So a 100 car train, each carrying 100 tons, over a distance of 1000 miles, would cost $100,000. On the other hand, Intermodal container shipping rates depend heavily on the route taken over ... but many of the people and businesses shipping freight do not have enough of a good to fill a whole truck or rail car every time they need something …One ton-mile is the equivalent of shipping one ton of product, one mile. One ton-mile is the equivalent of shipping one gallon of milk about 225 miles. Importing a piece of furniture that weighs 100 lbs. from China to Seattle incurs over 300 ton-miles. 562 billion ton-miles were incurred in the shipment of coal in the US in 2002 alone. O n average, over all the scenarios we examined, total per-ton-mile operating costs for conveyor haul age were about 39% of those for truck transport. These costs include the diesel (US$2.65 per gallon) or electricity (US$0.087 per kWh) to propel the truck or the belt, maintenance and repair parts and labour, tires and an operator for the …Rail shipping is much more cost-effective than truck shipping for several reasons. Rail is a much more fuel-efficient mode of transportation. Railcars can also …For each barge-related fatality, there are 21 rail fatalities and 79 trucking deaths. In addition, fuel “spills of more than 1,000 gallons are very low for barges, at 2.12 gallons per-million-ton-miles, rail at 5.95 and trucks at 6.04.” Using barge transportation can drastically improve working conditions and cut down on the risk and ...Typical values for various transportation modes, using numbers based on an EPA publication, are 253 g CO2-eq/ton-mile for diesel trucks, 27 g CO2-eq/ton-mile for rail, and 41 g CO2-eq/ton-mile for domestic water transportation. (Other sources provide somewhat different numbers, but these values are reasonably representative of the general ...Jul 31, 2020 · Freight trains can carry one ton of freight nearly 500 miles while only using 1 gallon of diesel fuel.Compared with over the road trucks, moving freight by rail reduces greenhouse gas emissions by an average of 75% while also reducing road congestion and roadway wear and tear. "revenue per ton of freight per mile" and "average cost of carrying one ton of freight one mile." The use of these statistics, however, carried the following admonition(~): 19 . 20 ... truck-journey, or the aircraft-journey as our unit of output." He also suggested that ... such as ton-miles per person-hour, indicate that rail productivity has grown at a rate of 5 to 6 …Comparison of Freight Rail and Trucking. As of 2014, freight rail resulted in 21.2 metric tons of GHG emissions per million ton-miles while trucks emitted 154.1 metric tons of …Trucks have cost advantages for shorter distances (less than 250 to 500 miles) and function primarily as the short-haul mode between farm and local silos. ... often less than half of rail’s per ton-mile cost. The economics of unit rail trains. There have been three technical advances in the past half century that have helped U.S. railroads retain …of crude spilled per ton-mile of rail transport declined significantly between the early 1990s and the 2002-2007 period, the most recent years for which data are available.4 Nonetheless, the increase in rail shipments of crude has raised safety and environmental concerns. Water Air (including truck and air) Rail (includes truck and rail) Pipeline Other and unknown b) 0 50 100 150 200 250 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 Index: 1980=100 Intercity truck Class I rail Water Oil pipeline Figure 1. a) Modal share in 1997; and b) change since 1980 in domestic ton-miles carried by mode.See full list on freightcourse.com The cost of maintaining rail cars is also significantly lower. While trucks require engine maintenance and expensive replacement parts after many miles traveled, rail cars can travel much farther with much less maintenance, since the construction is less complex. When comparing the cost of rail vs truck shipping, rail wins out easily.Cost comparison. Depending on the topography, length and power consumption, costs for conventional conveying systems average between EUR 1,000 and 3,000 per metre. More costs are added for the construction, supply and the mechanical and electrical installation. Complex construction work is also often necessary.Railroads move roughly 40% of long-distance freight volume (measured by ton-miles) in the United States. Despite the large volume of freight moved, U.S. EPA data show freight railroads only account for 0.5% of total U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and just 1.7% of emissions from transportation-related sources.This was a result of imbalance between supply and demand that persisted in 2014, where supply growth (3.9 per cent) outpaced that of demand (2 per cent) in 2014. Nevertheless, clean spot yearly earnings declined by 2 per cent, reaching $12,361/day in 2014 (Clarksons Research, 2015b). fuel efficiency, rail, truck, ton-miles per gallon, rail fuel efficiency, rail fuel consumption, rail energy efficiency, truck energy efficiency, mode comparison, freight energy. 16. PRICE CODE . 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION ... Truck Efficiency in ton-miles per gallon.....38 Exhibit 2-15. U.S. Heavy Duty Engine Emission Standards in …Nov 19, 2009 · How does rail compare with truck in terms of fuel efficiency? This report provides a comprehensive evaluation of the factors that affect the relative performance of both modes in different corridors and scenarios. Find out the results and implications for freight transportation policy and planning. Dec 25, 2017 · A per container railway transportation cost of $2.50 per mile can be applied to the Long Beach – Chicago (2,100 miles - $5,200) and Long Beach – Newark/New York City (3,000 miles - $7,500) links. The results are based on the projected average mix of trucks and trains in California for the given year. Results show that as California’s current truck regulations are implemented through 2023, …In the U.S., freight trains are often 3,500 meters (2.175 miles) in length; in western Europe, freight train lengths are closer to 750 meters (less than one-half mile). As a result, the unit costs per train in Europe are relatively high – and prices paid by shippers are much higher than a U.S. freight rail customer would pay over a similar ...The 2022 CSX system-wide train efficiency metric, as shown above, equals approximately 520 ton-miles per gallon. In other words, CSX trains, on average, can move a ton of freight nearly 520 miles on a gallon of fuel, based on our 2022 revenue ton miles and 2022 fuel use. The fuel efficiency for a freight truck can be estimated in a similar way.Ship: 576 miles per gallon per ton of cargo Train: 492 miles per gallon per ton of cargo Truck: 134 miles per gallon per ton of cargo Reply Roughneck16 • Civil / Structures • Rail lines span North America. You can ship products by rail pretty much anywhere in North America. Between the major railroads that operate in Canada, the United States and Mexico and smaller railroads in between, railroad tracks span the continent. Factor in ocean carriers and you can use rail to ship to virtually any destination worldwide.For example, a 2015 study conducted by the Congressional Budget Office, found that moving cargo via rail costs about 5.1 cents per ton-mile, whereas the cost via truck is 15.6 cents per ton-mile, and this because a truck can handle 1 – 2 containers per trip, whereas a train can handle a few hundred. There are also external costs indicating …a Incudes Freight, Express, and Mail. b Estimates from 1980 to 1989 come from the Association of American Railroads using ton mile values from the Surface Transportation Board’s Waybill Sample. The Waybill Sample represents all major U.S. railroads, including all Class I railroads and several short-line railroads. averaged, all rail equipment achieved higher ton-miles per gallon than truck equipment, as shown in Exhibit S-3. Rail achieved from 1.4 to 9.-£imes more ton-miles per gallon than competing truckload service. Rail fuel efficiency ranged from 196 to 1,179 ton-miles per gallon while truck fuel efficiency ranged from 84 to 167 ton-miles per gallon. Classes 4–6 truck. Classes 7–8 truck. freight rail. domestic marine. 2020 2030 2040 2050. Passenger travel energy intensity by mode. AEO2022 Reference case. thousand British thermal units per passenger -mile. Freight travel energy intensity by mode . AEO2022 Reference case. thousand British thermal units per ton-mile Exports at $1,826 per ton and imports at $1,456 per ton are higher than domestic shipments at $799 per ton in 2007. Exports and imports accounted for 10.7 percent of the tons and 19.1 percent of the value in 2007 and are forecast to make up an even greater share of freight moving throughout the United States, reaching 19.0 percent …Apr 20, 2020 · The cost to combine rail and truck using a bulk transfer terminal is approximately $95.54 per net ton. By comparison, rail direct is $70.27 per net ton, and over-the-road truck is $214.96 per net ton. Using multi-modal rail and truck transit compared to truck alone, you can cut transportation costs by more than half. Railcar Equipment Costs U.S. freight railroads, on average, move one ton of freight nearly 500 miles per gallon of fuel. On average, railroads are three to four times more fuel efficient than trucks. That means moving freight by rail instead of trucks lowers greenhouse gas emissions by up to 75%, on average. • Reducing Highway Congestion: The data tables are based on primary data that EIA collects from plant owners and operators on Form EIA-923, Power Plant Operations Report, and on supplement data and analysis of coal transportation costs that we released in June 2011 and November 2012. The initial report on coal transportation rates covered 2001 through 2008, applied …On an average annual basis, air grew the fastest (5 percent per year), followed by rail and truck (4 percent each). Rail and truck accounted for the majority of domestic traffic, representing 39 percent and 30 percent of domestic ton-miles, respectively, in 2000 . Truck data, however, do not include retail and government shipments and …Looking at the numbers a little more closely, 20 miles of light rail line translates to 40 miles (2 railway tracks x 20 miles/track = 40 miles). At $1.4 billion that works out to a per-mile cost of $35 million (and includes in that the cost of the procurement of rail rolling stock, overhead electrical catenary infrastructure, and a maintenance facility …from cost per ton estimates by Haling and Cohen (1995), which are in turn based on estimates from ... portation cost (termed “netbacks”). Firms move oil to a rail or pipeline terminal using either truck ... is available capacity, because rail is significantly costlier than pipeline per barrel-mile shipped. For example, Frittelli et al (2014, p. 7) noted that: …The state of the rail freight industry Rail freight revenue per ton-miles stood at some 312.2 billion in 2019, but 2020 had less optimistic results. Iron ores and coal were the leading goods for ...– A weight-distance tax on average costs per ton-mile, from accidents, pavement damage, traffic congestion plus a fuel tax on NOx, PM, CO 2 emissions – Trucking tax rates: 2.3¢ per ton-mile, $1.50 per gallon – Rail tax rates: 0.3¢ per ton-mile, $1.50 per gallon A distance tax (vehicle miles traveled, or VMT, tax) plus a fuel tax The study shows that, based on the annualized cost methodology, the transport cost per ton-mile via freight pipeline is cost competitive with truck, rail, and TOFC for four of the …percent of the fatalities and 6 percent of the injuries that trucks do per trillion ton-miles. The employee injury rate is about half of truck (Economic, 2009). Specifically, the number of large truck accidents was 367,920 in 2006 vs. 2,962 for rail; less than one percent of truck (Freight Facts (2008). Not only does moving freight by rail instead of truck lowers GHG emissions by up to 75%, on average, it reduces the economic toll of congestion and expensive highway repairs. ... As taxes and fees from commercial trucks inadequately cover the cost of highway damage, freight rail’s private investments don’t just drive down emissions, they alleviate taxpayer …a For 1990 and later, air carriers that did not report both financial data and all months of traffic data for a given period were excluded from the calculations. Cargo revenue includes both scheduled and charter property revenue and mail revenue. b General freight common carriers, most of which are LTL (less-than-truckload) carriers. Rail shipping often costs 2-3 times less than shipping by truck on a per-ton-mile basis. This cost difference becomes especially heightened for long-distance moves that are at least 500 miles. The …Source: IEA (2019). Transportation modes have a variety of environmental performance that can be measured in terms of CO2 emissions by unit traveled. For passengers, it involves grams of CO2 per passenger-kilometer, and for freight, it involves grams of CO2 per ton-km. Massification (economies of scale) is a key element in the environmental ...Costs rose sharply in February 2020 when COVID-19 began a period of severe disruptions in ocean freight and consumer demand, with air cargo rates reaching a range of $4.00-$8.00 per kilogram. As of early 2023, rates have dropped to around $3.00-$7.00 per kilogram, which is still higher than pre-pandemic rates, likely due to increased …What’s more, the U.S. Department of Transportation estimates the total number of U.S. freight shipments will increase by 30% from 18.6 billion tons in 2018 to 24.2 billion tons in 2040 – which means there is a very good chance even more freight will travel by rail in the future.So it looks like autonomy will reduce truck costs by about 1/7 to $.06 / ton-mile. How does this compare to RRs? Data on route rates is closely guarded for competitive reasons.In addition, the value per ton of freight shipments increased by 17.5 percent between 1997 and 2013, from $763 to $896 per ton in 2007 dollars (table 5-1). At the same time, the PPI increased by 63 percent from 1990 to 2012. As a result, real freight revenue per ton-mile increased only for domestic air carriers during that period.How do you calculate freight cost per mile? To calculate the freight cost per mile, divide the total shipping cost by the number of miles the freight is being …The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) has revised the methodology for calculating freight ton‐miles across modes. 1 The objective is to make more comprehensive estimates by using the estimates of total freight ton‐miles and pipeline ton‐miles from the Federal Highway Administration's Freight Analysis Framework 2 (FAF). FAF uses the …Nov 19, 2009 · How does rail compare with truck in terms of fuel efficiency? This report provides a comprehensive evaluation of the factors that affect the relative performance of both modes in different corridors and scenarios. Find out the results and implications for freight transportation policy and planning. of these advances are already deployed to achieve low-cost compliance in model year 2027. For the Class 8 tractor-trailer, we identify cost-effective potential for a 29% increase in fuel economy and a 24% decrease in per ton-mile CO 2 emissions compared to Phase 2 standards, at a marginal cost of $5,200. Adding mild hybridization andRail external costs are 0.24 cent to 0.25 cent (US) per ton-mile, well less than the 1.11 cent for freight trucking, but external costs for rail generally constitute a …Soybean meal for feed showed a low of $8 per ton to a high of $70.23, while soymeal for export showed a low of $11.90 per ton to a high of $65.30. Biodiesel costs showed the widest range with the ...A ton of bulk product can be transported 675 miles by barge inland on a gallon of fuel, compared to 472 miles by railcar or 151 miles by truck. Barges. From an emissions standpoint, rail and tanker transport emit approximately 40 and 800%, respectively, more CO2 per tonne-mile of cargo transported than an inland tanker barge.One train can remove hundreds of trucks off the highways. Not only does moving freight by rail instead of truck lowers GHG emissions by up to 75%, on average, it reduces the economic toll of congestion and expensive highway repairs. As taxes and fees from commercial trucks inadequately cover the cost of highway damage, freight rail’s privateApr 22, 2020 · This price is based on the weight and distance of the shipment. For example, if you ship 24 tons of a commodity 100 miles it would be 2,400 ton-miles. If the rate is $0.30 per ton-mile the transportation cost would be $720. The ton-mile differs depending on the commodity and equipment needed but is calculated based on the tons and miles. The data tables are based on primary data that EIA collects from plant owners and operators on Form EIA-923, Power Plant Operations Report, and on supplement data and analysis of coal transportation costs that we released in June 2011 and November 2012. The initial report on coal transportation rates covered 2001 through 2008, applied …Freightos – The Digital Ocean Freight Shipping Platform: Costs, Prices, Rates, and More. Instantly compare ocean freight shipping rates with freight quotes from vetted providers. Find the balance of price and transit time that works for your ocean freight. ... At about $5-8 per kilo, a China-US shipment between 150 kg and 500 kg can …Compare the Costs. The cost per ton-mile for a barge is only $0.97, compared to $2.53 for rail, and $5.35 for trucking. Barge v. Truck & Rail Capability - PDF; Other benefits include an improved natural environment for fish and wildlife, parks and recreational areas, generation of clean and renewable hydroelectric power, reduced soil erosion ... The Cost of Trucking. $1.38 The average per mile operating cost for the trucking industry. $180,000 The average total yearly cost of operating a commercial truck. The largest operating expense is diesel fuel. A commercial truck can easily consume more than $70,000 of diesel fuel per year. Driver Salary is the second largest operating cost.As such, in order to compete, the Bakken crude must price below the waterborne crude, including the cost of transport via rail, which, as noted can be $10-$15 per barrel.Rail's advantage is a much lower cost-per-ton-mile basis (the cost of moving one ton a distance of one mile) than trucking. unit trains. dedicated trains that move from a single origin to a single destination. Large shippers in agriculture, mining, and auto industries use these ... LCVs require special clearance to operate on most roadways. truck vs rail …O n average, over all the scenarios we examined, total per-ton-mile operating costs for conveyor haul age were about 39% of those for truck transport. These costs include the diesel (US$2.65 per gallon) or electricity (US$0.087 per kWh) to propel the truck or the belt, maintenance and repair parts and labour, tires and an operator for the …Jan 18, 2024 · The facility will have 78,000 linear feet of railroad track. Six rail-mounted gantry cranes will move containers on and off CSX and Norfolk Southern trains. A one-mile dedicated drayage road will be used to truck cargo to and from Leatherman Terminal, and a future barge will transport containers between the Leatherman and Wando Welch terminals. Pipelines spill more, both based on sheer volume, and on a per-ton-mile or per-barrel-mile basis. Rail transport accidents cause more injuries to humans on a per-barrel-mile or per-ton-mile basis. The probability of a spill from Rail is greater on a per-barrel-mile or per-ton-mile basis, though the majority of spills tend to be quite small in ...Jan 18, 2024 · The facility will have 78,000 linear feet of railroad track. Six rail-mounted gantry cranes will move containers on and off CSX and Norfolk Southern trains. A one-mile dedicated drayage road will be used to truck cargo to and from Leatherman Terminal, and a future barge will transport containers between the Leatherman and Wando Welch terminals. See full list on freightcourse.com from cost per ton estimates by Haling and Cohen (1995), which are in turn based on estimates from ... portation cost (termed “netbacks”). Firms move oil to a rail or pipeline terminal using either truck ... is available capacity, because rail is significantly costlier than pipeline per barrel-mile shipped. For example, Frittelli et al (2014, p. 7) noted that: …In terms of CO2 emissions per tonne of cargo transported one mile, shipping is recognised as the most efficient form of commercial transport. However, the enormous scale of the industry means that it is nevertheless a significant contributor to the world’s total greenhouse gas emissions (around 3% of total global CO2 emissions).For each barge-related fatality, there are 21 rail fatalities and 79 trucking deaths. In addition, fuel “spills of more than 1,000 gallons are very low for barges, at 2.12 gallons per-million-ton-miles, rail at 5.95 and trucks at 6.04.” Using barge transportation can drastically improve working conditions and cut down on the risk and ... Water Air (including truck and air) Rail (includes truck and rail) Pipeline Other and unknown b) 0 50 100 150 200 250 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 Index: 1980=100 Intercity truck Class I rail Water Oil pipeline Figure 1. a) Modal share in 1997; and b) change since 1980 in domestic ton-miles carried by mode.
Pipelines spill more, both based on sheer volume, and on a per-ton-mile or per-barrel-mile basis. Rail transport accidents cause more injuries to humans on a per-barrel-mile or per-ton-mile basis. The probability of a spill from Rail is greater on a per-barrel-mile or per-ton-mile basis, though the majority of spills tend to be quite small in …. 913 588 0000
Step 1: Determine the total amount of ton-miles. Multiply 1,000 miles times 20 tons, which gives us a total of 20,000 ton-miles. Step 2: Get the weight-based truck emissions factor for a freight truck. The average freight truck in the U.S. emits 161.8 grams of CO2 per ton-mile. Step 3: Multiply this emissions factor with the total ton-miles ...Mar 29, 2017 · Trucks generate 154.2 tons or 10 times (1,000 percent) more emissions than barges per ton-mile of cargo moved. • Highlights the significant infrastructure impacts of waterborne freight were diverted to highways. Approximately 2 inches of asphalt would have to be added to the pavement of 118,688 lane-miles of rural interstate given the higher ... The authors note that air pollution and greenhouse gas costs equal $1,000 per 1 million barrel-miles via rail transportation compared to just under $400 in damages from spills and accidents ...Here are the current rates for the most popular freight truck types: Overall average van rates vary from $2.30 – 2.86 per mile. Reefer rates are averaging $3.19 per mile, with the lowest rates being the Northeast at $2.47 per mile. Average flatbed rates average at $3.14 per mile. Total of Median Costs 4.0 0.5 2014 Cents Per Ton-Mile Note: For damages from CO 2, three numbers are shown to describe the distribution of estimates of external costs; values toward the middle of the range are much more likely to be selected. For other sources of external costs, ... Shift in Ton-Miles From Truck to Rail (Percent) 3.6 3.9 3.8 0.8 …See full list on freightcourse.com The following table shows the amount of CO2 (in grams) emitted per metric ton of freight and per km of transportation: Air plane (air cargo), average Cargo B747. 500 g. Modern lorry or truck. 60 to 150 g. Modern train. …Water Air (including truck and air) Rail (includes truck and rail) Pipeline Other and unknown b) 0 50 100 150 200 250 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 Index: 1980=100 Intercity truck Class I rail Water Oil pipeline Figure 1. a) Modal share in 1997; and b) change since 1980 in domestic ton-miles carried by mode.Truck: As cited in U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, National Transportation Statistics, Truck Profile, available at …of crude spilled per ton-mile of rail transport declined significantly between the early 1990s and the 2002-2007 period, the most recent years for which data are available.4 Nonetheless, the increase in rail shipments of crude has raised safety and environmental concerns. of crude spilled per ton-mile of rail transport declined significantly between the early 1990s and the 2002-2007 period, the most recent years for which data are available.4 Nonetheless, the increase in rail shipments of crude has raised safety and environmental concerns. U.S. freight railroads, on average, move one ton of freight nearly 500 miles per gallon of fuel. On average, railroads are three to four times more fuel efficient than trucks. That means moving freight by rail instead of trucks lowers greenhouse gas emissions by up to 75%, on average. • Reducing Highway Congestion: Source: IEA (2019). Transportation modes have a variety of environmental performance that can be measured in terms of CO2 emissions by unit traveled. For passengers, it involves grams of CO2 per passenger-kilometer, and for freight, it involves grams of CO2 per ton-km. Massification (economies of scale) is a key element in the environmental ...In the U.S., freight trains are often 3,500 meters (2.175 miles) in length; in western Europe, freight train lengths are closer to 750 meters (less than one-half mile). As a result, the unit costs per train in Europe are relatively high – and prices paid by shippers are much higher than a U.S. freight rail customer would pay over a similar ...Water Air (including truck and air) Rail (includes truck and rail) Pipeline Other and unknown b) 0 50 100 150 200 250 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 Index: 1980=100 Intercity truck Class I rail Water Oil pipeline Figure 1. a) Modal share in 1997; and b) change since 1980 in domestic ton-miles carried by mode.Mar 29, 2017 · Trucks generate 154.2 tons or 10 times more emissions than barges per ton-mile of cargo moved. The report is available here . MORE TOP STORIES GTMC includes the revenue ton-miles of cargo, as well as the tare ton-miles of the cars, trailers, and containers needed. The overall relationship between GTMC and fuel consumption is illustrated in Fig. 1, in which each square represents an individual railroad and year.As the trend line suggests, there is a strong linear relationship between fuel …For each barge-related fatality, there are 21 rail fatalities and 79 trucking deaths. In addition, fuel “spills of more than 1,000 gallons are very low for barges, at 2.12 gallons per-million-ton-miles, rail at 5.95 and trucks at 6.04.” Using barge transportation can drastically improve working conditions and cut down on the risk and ....
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