Kia code p0420 - Nov 12, 2018 · The most common fix for P0420 in the Kia Picanto is a new catalytic converter, followed by an O2 sensor replacement. Before taking your Picanto into an exhaust shop for an (expensive) new catalytic converter, let’s ensure that’s what you need. Here’s a good P0420 diagnostic order for the Kia Picanto: 1. Check for Other Codes.

 
P0420: Catalyst System Efficiency below Threshold – Bank 1. P0422: Main Catalyst Efficiency below Threshold – Bank 1. P0440: Evaporative Control Malfunction. ... Please help. I am getting a P0261 code with my 2012 Kia Forte Ex Sedan 2.0. The car is running worse after replacing cylinder 1 fuel injector. I’m going from Montana to Oregon .... Does winco sell baby formula

However, on average, the repair costs for addressing the P0420 code in a Kia Soul can range from $200 to $1,000. In conclusion, the 2015 Kia Soul P0420 code has been a topic of concern among car enthusiasts and mechanics alike. This diagnostic trouble code indicates a malfunction in the catalytic converter efficiency, which can lead to ...Aug 4, 2022 · How to diagnose code P0420 on a Kia Optima. Typically, you'll find out about P0420 because your malfunction indicator lamp or "check engine light" turned on & you or a mechanic diagnosed the problem with an OBD II code scanner like this one from Bluedriver. You may experience a very slight reduction in engine power from reduced exhaust flow, as ... A somewhat common issue with the Kia Spectra is the P0449 code. This code references a number that is given to you when you plug it into a OBD2 scanner. P0449 deals with the evaporative emissions control (EVAP) system. It often appears with, or is related other codes, such as P0420, P0446, and very often P0455.The P0420 code indicates that your vehicle’s powertrain control module (PCM) monitors the poor efficiency of the catalytic converter at Bank 1. This code may also be triggered due to a bad catalyst or a false alarm caused by a faulty oxygen sensor at Bank 1. Basically, Bank 1 and Bank 2 are the two sides of the engine.How to fix you emissions p0420 code for cheap, easy, fast. Watch this video and learn how to turn off you cars check engine in under 10 minutes with parts av...A leaky fuel injector. Oxygen and coolant temperature sensor malfunctions. Excessive fuel pressure. Oil in the catalytic converter. Broken wires and faulty electrical connectors. Open or short circuits. Exhaust pipe damage or leaks. A defective muffler. Symptoms of …=====Claim your FREE engine code eraser 👉 https://free.nonda.co 👈=====Engine Code P0420 Saving Repair Parts:C...Code P0420 Description. The Engine Control Module (ECM) uses sensors mounted in front of and behind the Three-Way Catalytic Converter (TWC) to monitor its efficiency. The first sensor, the air-fuel ratio sensor, sends pre-catalyst information to the ECM. The second sensor, the heated oxygen sensor, sends post-catalyst information to …Save up to $160 with Logitech promo code. 49 active Logitech coupons verified today! PCWorld’s coupon section is created with close supervision and involvement from the PCWorld dea...Replacing the oxygen (O2) sensors may sometimes fix the code, but in most cases the catalytic convert needs to be replaced to fix the problem. If the P0420 code is combined with other codes, try fixing the other codes first. Read more: P0420 Kia - Warm Up Catalyst Efficiency Below Threshold Bank 1To diagnose the P0456 KIA code, it typically requires 1.0 hour of labor. The specific diagnosis time and labor rates at auto repair shops can differ based on factors such as the location, make and model of the vehicle, and even the engine type. It is common for most auto repair shops to charge between $75 and $150 per hour.Here are some steps to fix a P0420 code Honda Accord. First, remove the O2 sensor and pour 4-6 ounces of seafoam into the opening, replace the sensor, and leave it overnight. Reset the code and then continue driving. Increase the gap between the oxygen sensor and the converter using a spark plug non-fowler.Whether you just want to be able to hack a few scripts or make a feature-rich application, writing code can be a little overwhelming with the massive amount of information availabl...Here’s a good P0420 diagnostic order for the Kia Amanti: 1. Check for Other Codes. The first thing you want to do when trying to fix P0420 in the Amanti is to verify there aren’t any other trouble codes. Three types of codes can give clues as to what’s going on with your car. Misfire Codes.The most common fix for P0420 in the Kia Sedona is a new catalytic converter, followed by an O2 sensor replacement. Before taking your Sedona into an exhaust shop for an (expensive) new catalytic converter, let’s ensure that’s what you need. Here’s a good P0420 diagnostic order for the Kia Sedona: 1. Check for Other Codes.Has your check engine light recently turned on? Are you seeing the dreaded error code P0420 on your vehicle’s diagnostic scanner? Don’t panic just yet. Code P0420 is a common issue...The cost to diagnose the P0430 KIA code is 1.0 hour of labor. The diagnosis time and labor rates at auto repair shops vary depending on the location, make and model of the vehicle, and even the engine type. Most auto repair shops charge between $75 and $150 per hour.How to diagnose code P0420 on a Kia Forte. Typically, you'll find out about P0420 because your malfunction indicator lamp or "check engine light" turned on & you or a mechanic diagnosed the problem with an OBD II code scanner like this one from Bluedriver. You may experience a very slight reduction in engine power from reduced exhaust flow, as ...How to fix you emissions p0420 code for cheap, easy, fast. Watch this video and learn how to turn off you cars check engine in under 10 minutes with parts av...The most common fix for P0420 in the Kia Forte is a new catalytic converter, followed by an O2 sensor replacement. Before taking your Forte into an exhaust shop for an (expensive) new catalytic converter, let’s ensure that’s what you need. Here’s a good P0420 diagnostic order for the Kia Forte: 1. Check for Other Codes.P0420 Diagnosis: Kia Rio. The most common fix for P0420 in the Kia Rio is a new catalytic converter, followed by an O2 sensor replacement. Before taking your Rio into an exhaust shop for an (expensive) new catalytic converter, let’s ensure that’s what you need. Here’s a good P0420 diagnostic order for the Kia Rio: 1. Check for Other Codes.Replacing the oxygen (O2) sensors may sometimes fix the code, but in most cases the catalytic convert needs to be replaced to fix the problem. If the P0420 code is combined with other codes, try fixing the other codes first. Read more: P0420 Kia - Warm Up Catalyst Efficiency Below Threshold Bank 1 Definition meaning and fixes KIA P0420: Warm Up Catalyst Efficiency Below Threshold Bank 1 Diagnostic Trouble Code A P0420 code is set when the upstream sensor and the downstream oxygen sensor sense the catalytic converter is not doing its job. Basically, the amount of oxygen going into the converter is not being burned, and it detects it through the downstream sensor. Oxygen is the key here. Modern Engine Management Systems leave a little bit of extra ...One of the most frequent diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) that car owners see is P0420. It means that Bank 1’s catalytic converter performance on Bank 1 has been identified by the engine control module (ECM). The catalyst may be at fault for this code, or an O2 sensor may be to blame for a false alert. Understanding the significance of the ...Jan 25, 2024 · The P0420 code in a Kia Rio refers to a failed or malfunctioning catalytic converter. This code indicates that the catalytic converter is not working effectively in reducing emissions, leading to increased pollution and potential damage to the vehicle’s engine. It is important to address this issue promptly as it can lead to more serious ... A code P0420 may mean that one or more of the following has happened: Leaded fuel was used where unleaded was called for (unlikely) A damaged or failed oxygen / O2 sensor. Downstream oxygen sensor (HO2S) wiring damaged or connected improperly. The engine coolant temperature sensor is not working properly.One of the most frequent diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) that car owners see is P0420. It means that Bank 1’s catalytic converter performance on Bank 1 has been identified by the engine control module (ECM). The catalyst may be at fault for this code, or an O2 sensor may be to blame for a false alert. Understanding the significance of the ...Can you rent a car from a dealership? We explain which car dealerships rent cars, including Ford, Toyota, and more. Details inside. Most car dealerships are individually owned and ...Plus: Elon Musk’s extremely busy week Good morning, Quartz readers! US state attorneys called for a recall of Kia and Hyundai cars. The vehicles are apparently too easy to steal. L...The most common fix for P0420 in the Kia Picanto is a new catalytic converter, followed by an O2 sensor replacement. Before taking your Picanto into an exhaust shop for an (expensive) new catalytic converter, let’s ensure that’s what you need. Here’s a good P0420 diagnostic order for the Kia Picanto: 1. Check for Other Codes.Nov 12, 2018 · P0420 Diagnosis: Kia Rio. The most common fix for P0420 in the Kia Rio is a new catalytic converter, followed by an O2 sensor replacement. Before taking your Rio into an exhaust shop for an (expensive) new catalytic converter, let’s ensure that’s what you need. Here’s a good P0420 diagnostic order for the Kia Rio: 1. Check for Other Codes. One of the most common catalytic converter codes your vehicle will throw at you is the P0420 (not to be mistaken with trouble code P0430). This diagnostic trouble code (DTC) stands for "Catalyst System Below Efficiency", coming from the bank 1 mounting position.Low-code is a way to design and develop applications with little or no coding. It empowers users with little to no technical background. * Required Field Your Name: * Your E-Mail: ...December 22, 2022 by Jason. This page is meant to help you troubleshoot the Kia Sorento P0420 trouble code. It covers the P0420 code’s meaning, symptoms, …P1000 Readiness Function Code. P1115 Engine Coolant Temperature Signal from ECM to TCM. P1121 Throttle Position Sensor Signal Malfunction from ECM to TCM. P1170 Front Heated Oxygen Sensor Stuck. P1195 EGR Pressure Sensor (1.6L) or Boost Sensor (1.8L) Open or Short.The most common fix for P0420 in the Kia Forte is a new catalytic converter, followed by an O2 sensor replacement. Before taking your Forte into an exhaust shop for an (expensive) new catalytic converter, let’s ensure that’s what you need. Here’s a good P0420 diagnostic order for the Kia Forte: 1. Check for Other Codes.Kia Codes; Trouble Code Fault Location Probable Cause; P0404: Exhaust Gas Recirculation Circuit Range/Performance: Wiring, EGR valve, PCM: P0406: Exhaust Gas Recirculation Sensor “A” Circuit High: EGR valve, position sensor: P1000 – P1099 (Fuel and air metering and auxiliary emission control)P0014 is a relatively common trouble code for vehicles that have Variable Valve Timing (VVT). This includes the Kia Rio. VVT adjusts the position of the camshaft(s) to maximize the combustion efficiency of the motor. P0014 means that the camshaft position is too far advanced from where it should be in relation to normal operating specs.It states warm up…. I got a P0420 code on my 2014 Kia Soul. It states warm up catalyst efficiency, below threshold Bank 1. The car runs fine accept when after I stop at a light, and press the gas pedal, the RPM goes to 3, then back down to 2. Also when it's raining, my windows fog up if I turn on my heat but clears up if I turn on my air ...How to fix a Toyota P0420 Code, "Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)."Link to Cataclean on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3TSI6xWPossible Causes of ...P0420 is a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) for "Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)". This can happen for multiple reasons and a mechanic needs to diagnose the specific cause for this code to be triggered in your situation. Our certified mobile mechanics can come to your home or office to perform the Check Engine Light diagnostic ...No difference in drivability. Checked codes and code P0420 code active 1 time. Drove around a ran some errands and code went away. A week later during some slightly spirited driving the code came back. Checked sensors and found these reading. No exhaust leaks. A/F ratio is 14.5. Car runs fine. No smells, good fuel mileage, doesn't burn oil. The P0420 code signals a low catalyst system efficiency. This code suggests that the oxygen levels are below the desired threshold (Bank 1), which most often results from problems with your car ... How to fix a Toyota P0420 Code, "Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)."Link to Cataclean on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3TSI6xWPossible Causes of ...2014 Kia Soul - Check Engine Light Code P0420 Jump to Latest Follow 27K views 14 replies 4 participants last post by kiaguy002 Sep 18, 2018The Ole P0420. Tags ... I believe the key thing to look at for a P0420 code is the downstream O2, or bank 1 sensor 2 B1S2. ... see i havent replaced my cat converters yet but i have the o2 sensors but the light goes on and off . kia said it was the clogged cat but my dad as well as 2 other mechanics said the way its driving and the fact no ...The most common fix for P0420 in the Kia Stinger is a new catalytic converter, followed by an O2 sensor replacement. Before taking your Stinger into an exhaust shop for an (expensive) new catalytic converter, let’s ensure that’s what you need. Here’s a good P0420 diagnostic order for the Kia Stinger: 1. Check for Other Codes. Definition meaning and fixes KIA P0420: Warm Up Catalyst Efficiency Below Threshold Bank 1 Diagnostic Trouble Code Jan 25, 2024 · The P0420 code in a Kia Rio refers to a failed or malfunctioning catalytic converter. This code indicates that the catalytic converter is not working effectively in reducing emissions, leading to increased pollution and potential damage to the vehicle’s engine. It is important to address this issue promptly as it can lead to more serious ... Oct 8, 2020 · Replacing the oxygen (O2) sensors may sometimes fix the code, but in most cases the catalytic convert needs to be replaced to fix the problem. If the P0420 code is combined with other codes, try fixing the other codes first. Read more: P0420 Kia - Warm Up Catalyst Efficiency Below Threshold Bank 1 P0420 Code. How to fix it. Don't spent tons of $$$. ~This also true for the po430 Code!Check out My Amazon Auto Accessories Store! Lets make that Weekend job...If you bought or leased certain 2010–2020 model year Kia vehicles, you may be eligible for benefits. The only way to receive certain reimbursement and compensation in this …How To Fix The P0420 Trouble Code. Verify the code with an OBD-II scanner and reset the check engine light to see if it comes back. Inspect and replace faulty oxygen sensors. Check for exhaust leaks and repair as necessary. Replace worn-out spark plugs or spark plug wires.Can you smoke in a leased car? The policy varies by dealer. We have the details on smoking in a leased car from Chevrolet, GM, Kia, Toyota, and more. Jump Links Smoking in a leased...How to diagnose code P0420 on a Kia Forte. Typically, you'll find out about P0420 because your malfunction indicator lamp or "check engine light" turned on & you or a mechanic diagnosed the problem with an OBD II code scanner like this one from Bluedriver. You may experience a very slight reduction in engine power from reduced …Replacing the oxygen (O2) sensors may sometimes fix the code, but in most cases the catalytic convert needs to be replaced to fix the problem. If the P0420 code is combined with other codes, try fixing the other codes first. Read more: P0420 Kia - Warm Up Catalyst Efficiency Below Threshold Bank 1The P0420 code in your 2015 Kia Soul usually indicates a problem with the catalytic converter. To diagnose the cause, you can start by checking for any leaks or damage in the exhaust system. Additionally, you may need to inspect the oxygen sensors and perform a fuel pressure test. It’s recommended to consult a certified mechanic or refer to a ...1 Understanding the P0420 KIA Code; 2 Causes of P0420 Code. 2.1 Faulty Catalytic Converter; 2.2 Oxygen Sensor Issues; 2.3 Exhaust Leaks; 2.4 Engine Misfires; 2.5 Fuel System Issues; 3 Diagnosing and Resolving P0420 Code. 3.1 Inspect the Catalytic Converter; 3.2 Check Oxygen Sensor Readings; 3.3 Definition meaning and fixes KIA P0420: Warm Up Catalyst Efficiency Below Threshold Bank 1 Diagnostic Trouble Code Can you smoke in a leased car? The policy varies by dealer. We have the details on smoking in a leased car from Chevrolet, GM, Kia, Toyota, and more. Jump Links Smoking in a leased...The most common fix for P0420 in the Kia Forte is a new catalytic converter, followed by an O2 sensor replacement. Before taking your Forte into an exhaust shop for an (expensive) new catalytic converter, let’s ensure that’s what you need. Here’s a good P0420 diagnostic order for the Kia Forte: 1. Check for Other Codes.2015 Soul, 1.6 L, V4 - 93,000 + mi. Code P0420 Catalyst operating below minimum threshold. P0420 is an all around code dealing with emmisions. To learn more about this code, view YouTube videos of scannerdanner. Understanding Short Term and Long Term Fuel Trim (a SD Premium video) Watch on.The code P1233 is showing that the low pressure pump is having issues keeping up with the demand from the high pressure pump. This will cause the running issue you are experiencing. The P0420 may be the results of the misfire codes. I would check the low pressure fuel pump and likely replace it, then clear the codes and see what comes …How to diagnose code P0420 on a Kia Soul. Typically, you'll find out about P0420 because your malfunction indicator lamp or "check engine light" turned on & you or a mechanic diagnosed the problem with an OBD II code scanner like this one from Bluedriver. You may experience a very slight reduction in engine power from reduced …Why is Kia Optima Giving Me the p0420 Code? Let's dive into some of the usual suspects behind this p0420 code in the Kia Optima. Catalytic Converter Not Feeling So Good. As we've touched on, the most common suspect is the catalytic converter itself. Over time, like Chandler's jokes, it can wear down or get clogged, affecting how well it does ...December 22, 2022 by Jason. This page is meant to help you troubleshoot the Kia Sorento P0420 trouble code. It covers the P0420 code’s meaning, symptoms, …How to diagnose code P0420 on a Kia Sportage. Typically, you'll find out about P0420 because your malfunction indicator lamp or "check engine light" turned on & you or a mechanic diagnosed the problem with an OBD II code scanner like this one from Bluedriver. You may experience a very slight reduction in engine power from reduced …How To Fix The P0420 Trouble Code. Verify the code with an OBD-II scanner and reset the check engine light to see if it comes back. Inspect and replace faulty oxygen sensors. Check for exhaust leaks and repair as necessary. Replace worn-out spark plugs or spark plug wires.The P0420 code in a Kia Soul will often be thrown one of your oxygen sensors are not functioning properly. Typically, the code will be triggered by the upstream oxygen sensor (before the converter). OBD-Codes › p0326As of 2015, Kia cars are produced at 14 assembly and manufacturing locations located in eight countries. Kia produces over 1.4 million vehicles annually, a large portion of which a...This page is meant to help you troubleshoot the Kia Rondo P0420 trouble code. It covers the P0420 code’s meaning, symptoms, causes, and possible solutions. P0420 is the most common OBDII code and is virtually never a breakdown risk. A failing oxygen sensor or bad catalytic converter are the most common causes of P0420. Table …December 22, 2022 by Jason. This page is meant to help you troubleshoot the Kia Sorento P0420 trouble code. It covers the P0420 code’s meaning, symptoms, …Jan 25, 2024 · The P0420 code is a common diagnostic trouble code that indicates an issue with the catalytic converter in your Kia Soul. When this code appears, it typically means that the catalytic converter is not functioning optimally and may need to be replaced. jeremiahchub. 56 posts · Joined 2017. #7 · Jun 12, 2019. Also, you may want to try replacing the FUEL pressure regulator itself. that code also goes with that as well. 2010 Molten Red Kia Soul +, 2.0L Beta II Engine, Mitsubishi 5-Speed (Yes the transmission real is made for Kia by Mitsubishi), and getting used to So Cal.370. 104K views 5 years ago. Learn how to properly use Kia's Smart Key Fob and Standard Key Fob to open, close and lock the tailgate with ease, including …Even slight variations in the air/fuel mixture will cause the converter temperature to rise significantly. The “Catalytic Converter Efficiency” Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) P0420 and P0430, are among the top 10 DTCs technicians face. And while the description might imply a failed converter, odds are the ultimate fault lies somewhere …December 22, 2022 by Jason. This page is meant to help you troubleshoot the Kia Sportage P0420 trouble code. It covers the P0420 code’s meaning, symptoms, …Here’s a good P0420 diagnostic order for the Kia Spectra: 1. Check for Other Codes. The first thing you want to do when trying to fix P0420 in the Spectra is to verify there aren’t any other trouble codes. Three types of codes can give clues as to what’s going on with your car. Misfire Codes.

Tech Notes. The P0455 it’s a very common code, because the code is set if the gas cap is loose or missing. Start by tighten the gas cap and clearing the code. In most cases the code can be clear by disconnecting the car battery for about 30 minutes. ⚠ Check if your KIA have Safety Recalls.. Inmate search delaware county

kia code p0420

OBD 2 Code List. Get insights into your vehicle's health by understanding OBD 2 codes. Explore our list of common codes, their meanings, and expert tips for diagnosis and repair. Read More . How to Read OBD 2 Codes. Decode your car's OBD 2 codes with ease. Learn their significance and save time and money on diagnostics with AutoZone.How to diagnose code P0420 on a Kia Rio. Typically, you'll find out about P0420 because your malfunction indicator lamp or "check engine light" turned on & you or a mechanic diagnosed the problem with an OBD II code scanner like this one from Bluedriver. You may experience a very slight reduction in engine power from reduced …Whether you just want to be able to hack a few scripts or make a feature-rich application, writing code can be a little overwhelming with the massive amount of information availabl...Or is there no effect on driving it only check engine light is On. DTC Symptom Descriptor P0420 & P04DF. The Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1) The most possibly causes. Exhaust system. Downstream oxygen sensor. Catalyst converter. Out-of-range ECT sensor. Exhaust manifold.How to fix a Toyota P0420 Code, "Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)."Link to Cataclean on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3TSI6xWPossible Causes of ...How to diagnose code P0420 on a Kia. Typically, you'll find out about P0420 because your malfunction indicator lamp or "check engine light" turned on & you or a mechanic diagnosed the problem with an OBD II code scanner like this one from Bluedriver. You may experience a very slight reduction in engine power from reduced …P0420 is a catalytic converter insufficiency code. What can trigger the cel. An Oxygen sensor fault , worn cat , maf issue , etc , You run certain test to pinpoint the issue. An inexpensive code reader with live data , can be use to look at certain pids of info to help pinpoint your diagnosis. waddy. Like.2015 Kia Soul base P0420 P0301. I have a Soul with the 1.6L, auto, 107k miles on it. Couple weeks ago got the P0420 and figured to change spark plugs, air filter, pcv, and both o2 sensors. Hoping it would fix the issue. Yesterday I caved in and bought a new catalytic converter and installed it.Kia Motors uses designs from the Global Engine Manufacturing Alliance. GEMA is a conglomerate of several large automotive brands, such as Hyundai and Mitsubishi, that allows its ve...2015 Kia Soul base P0420 P0301. I have a Soul with the 1.6L, auto, 107k miles on it. Couple weeks ago got the P0420 and figured to change spark plugs, air filter, pcv, and both o2 sensors. Hoping it would fix the issue. Yesterday I caved in and bought a new catalytic converter and installed it.This page is meant to help you troubleshoot the Kia Rondo P0420 trouble code. It covers the P0420 code’s meaning, symptoms, causes, and possible solutions. P0420 is the most common OBDII code and is virtually never a breakdown risk. A failing oxygen sensor or bad catalytic converter are the most common causes of P0420. Table of Contents114. 57K views 5 years ago. Learn all the functions of your windshield wipers, as well as how to replace them on your Kia vehicle with these easy-to-follow steps.What Is the P0420 Code? Symptoms. Causes. Seriousness. Can I Still Drive? Diagnose. Difficulty of Inspecting. Get Additional Help. The P0420 code signals a low catalyst …One of the most frequent diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) that car owners see is P0420. It means that Bank 1’s catalytic converter performance on Bank 1 has been identified by the engine control module (ECM). The catalyst may be at fault for this code, or an O2 sensor may be to blame for a false alert. Understanding the significance of the ...How to diagnose code P0420 on a Kia Optima. Typically, you'll find out about P0420 because your malfunction indicator lamp or "check engine light" turned on & you or a mechanic diagnosed the problem with an OBD II code scanner like this one from Bluedriver. You may experience a very slight reduction in engine power from reduced exhaust flow, as ...Nov 12, 2018 · The most common fix for P0420 in the Kia Sedona is a new catalytic converter, followed by an O2 sensor replacement. Before taking your Sedona into an exhaust shop for an (expensive) new catalytic converter, let’s ensure that’s what you need. Here’s a good P0420 diagnostic order for the Kia Sedona: 1. Check for Other Codes. Every year, millions of people head out to enjoy Black Friday. This time of the year gives you an opportunity to save a lot of money. Don’t hesitate to put a new ride on your holid...Aug 4, 2022 · How to diagnose code P0420 on a Kia Forte. Typically, you'll find out about P0420 because your malfunction indicator lamp or "check engine light" turned on & you or a mechanic diagnosed the problem with an OBD II code scanner like this one from Bluedriver. You may experience a very slight reduction in engine power from reduced exhaust flow, as ... .

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