One way to check if the array is empty would be with array_ndims which returns the number of dimensions of the array, if the array is empty it will return 0. I'm working with version …Often you receive a CSV string that you need to convert to rows. To do this with SQL you need to: Generate a row for each value. For each row N, extract the value at position N from the string. You can do this in Oracle Database with a query like: with rws as ( select 'split,into,rows' str from dual ) select regexp_substr ( str, ' [^,]+', 1 ...Nov 6, 2023 · so you are looking to get an empty array when there is NULL value. you can update your query with this. use COALESCE to convert a NULL to an empty array. COALESCE ( json_agg ( CASE WHEN pm.id IS NULL THEN NULL ELSE json_build_object ( 'id', pm.id, 'src', pm.src, 'alt', pm.alt ) END ), ' []' ) AS product_media. Share. Improve this answer. from is a keyword in SQL. You may not used it as a column name without quoting it. In MySQL, things like column names are quoted using backticks, i.e. `from`. Personally, I wouldn't bother; I'd just rename the column. PS. as pointed out in the comments, to is another SQL keyword so it needs to beJanuary/February 2007. Suppose you've just received an e-mail detailing several IT initiatives, two of which will affect your future application development techniques. First, all applications should be designed to minimize network utilization. And second, applications that use Oracle databases must use PL/SQL for access to the database …If the subquery returns zero rows, the ARRAY function returns an empty ARRAY. It never returns a NULL ARRAY. Return type ARRAY Examples SELECT ARRAY (SELECT 1 …Jun 24, 2021 · I think OP is asking for empty stores, so probably the query needs to be tweaked to: SELECT * FROM c where ARRAY_LENGTH(c.stores) = 0 . If c.stores is an optional property, then it needs to be SELECT * FROM c where ARRAY_LENGTH(c.stores) = 0 or NOT IS_DEFINED(c.stores) – Here's an example of using an multidimensional array in pl/sql. Here I use an array containing an array. declare type t_features is table of varchar (100) index by pls_integer; type t_car_rec is record ( make varchar2 (50), model varchar2 (50), features t_features ); type t_car_tab is table of t_car_rec index by pls_integer; car_tab t_car_tab ...The query checks if array-parameter is empty using json mapping: SELECT CAST (ARRAY_TO_JSON (ARRAY [:myArrayParameter]) AS VARCHAR) IN (' [null]', ' [""]') One way to check if the array is empty would be with array_ndims which returns the number of dimensions of the array, if the array is empty it will return 0. Nov 26, 2021 · I'm trying to use. @sanity/client. to fetch some data from the CMS but something's not working since I keep getting an empty array when executing. client.fetch ("* [_type == 'document']") (my dataset already has some documents created as I've tested in Vision) . Does anybody know how to debug this? You can also obtain JSON values by casting values of other types to the JSON type using CAST(value AS JSON); see Converting between JSON and non-JSON values, for more information.. Two aggregate functions generating JSON values are available. JSON_ARRAYAGG() returns a result set as a single JSON array, and …Visual Studio 17.7 Preview 3 and .NET 8 Preview 6 continue the evolution of C# 12. This preview includes features designed to lay the groundwork for future performance enhancements. Easy access to inline arrays will allow libraries to use them in more places without effort on your part.Erland Sommarskog's home page. I'm an independent consultant who provides expert consulting in the SQL Server area. I'm passionate about sharing my expertise with the community and the main purpose of this site is exactly that: Here you find articles, information about my past and upcoming presentations, links to videos of my talks and a …The cursor FOR loop is an elegant and natural extension of the numeric FOR loop in PL/SQL. With a numeric FOR loop, the body of the loop executes once for every integer value between the low and high values specified in the range. With a cursor FOR loop, the body of the loop is executed for each row returned by the query.Associative arrays have a number of useful methods for accessing array element indexes and manipulating elements effectively. To call a method you use the following syntax: array_name.method_name (parameters); Code language: PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL/pgSQL (pgsql) This syntax is similar to the syntax of calling a method in C# and Java.Learn all you need to know about SQL Arrays in this informative blog. Understand the basics of What is an Array in SQL and learn the steps to create an SQL …Feb 10, 2017 · However it depends on the size of your lists as to whether size is efficient. If you are going to have large lists, then dropping out and back into the dataframe might be best: val dfSchema = df.schema val filtered = df.rdd.filter (!_.getList [String] (2).isEmpty) sqlContext.createDataFrame (filtered, dfSchema) Share. To fix this error either change the JSON to a JSON object (e.g. {"name":"value"}) or change the deserialized type to an array or a type that implements a collection interface (e.g. …AI Refactorings in IntelliJ IDEA. Neat, efficient code is undoubtedly a cornerstone of successful software development. But the ability to refine code quickly is becoming increasingly vital as well. Fortunately, the recently introduced AI Assistant from JetBrains can help you satisfy both of these demands. In this article, ….2 Answers. You could do a very simple UNION ALL and group by date later with a SUM to get the values; SELECT DATE (FROM_UNIXTIME (date)) date, SUM (registered_user) registered_user, SUM (logged_in_user) logged_in_user FROM ( SELECT user_reg_date date, 1 registered_user, 0 logged_in_user FROM users UNION ALL …First published on MSDN on Jun 10, 2016 Sql Server 2016 and Azure Sql Database enables you to easily modify JSON object and arrays. JSON_MODIFY updates the value of a property in a JSON string and returns the updated JSON string. Here I will show how to append objects in JSON array.There is an accompanying article, Arrays and Lists in SQL Server, The Long Version, which includes many more ways to crack lists in to tables – and you could argue too many. This longer article is intended for an audience with a little more experience. Most likely, this short story should tell you all you need, but in a few places I will ... An array value is a structure that contains an ordered collection of elements. All elements of an array value must have the same data type. The cardinality of the array is equal to the number of elements in the array. An array value can be non-empty, empty (cardinality zero), or null. The individual elements in the array can be null or not null ... Jan 8, 2016 · Jun 19, 2015 at 8:56. 13. Just as a note for anyone trying to create a default value via SqlAlchemy (for python): you have to use {} for default value in the ORM mapping, e.g. sizes = Column (postgresql.ARRAY (postgresql.TEXT), server_default=" {}") and let it do the implicit conversion, as mentioned in @Hett comment above. – K Raphael. I have a int array of ID's (a lot of checkboxes I can choose from) which I want to get in one database call though a stored procedure. Is there a way to work with an array of these ID's in SQL Ser...Oracle uses collections in PL/SQL the same way other languages use arrays. Oracle provides three basic collections, each with an assortment of methods. This article was originally written against Oracle 8i, but it includes operators, conditions and functions that were added in later releases. Index-By Tables (Associative Arrays)Nov 26, 2021 · I'm trying to use. @sanity/client. to fetch some data from the CMS but something's not working since I keep getting an empty array when executing. client.fetch ("* [_type == 'document']") (my dataset already has some documents created as I've tested in Vision) . Does anybody know how to debug this? How do I check if a map has no keys in Presto? If I have a way to check if an array is empty, I can use the map_keys function to determine if the map is empty.to fetch some data from the CMS but something's not working since I keep getting an empty array when executing. client.fetch ("* [_type == 'document']") (my dataset already has some documents created as I've tested in …One way to check if the array is empty would be with array_ndims which returns the number of dimensions of the array, if the array is empty it will return 0. I'm working with version …Learn what is R array, how to create array in R, various functions in array and multiple operations that are performed on rows and columns in it. Skip to content. Search for: ... Free SQL Course [Hindi] Free PowerBI Course [English] Free Elastic Search Course [English] Free Big Data Courses.Data against that passed path should be returned from a (MUCH) complex JSON. Its a simplified example and I basically need to return all elements if array is provided as argument. For example, $.phoneNumbers[:].number should be returning all …One way to check if the array is empty would be with array_ndims which returns the number of dimensions of the array, if the array is empty it will return 0. I'm working with version …Sep 19, 2016 · 1. Right now I had exactly the same problem, I think this is the right way to handle it according to the microsoft documentation: DECLARE @Array TABLE (TEST VARCHAR (100)); SELECT arr = ISNULL ( (SELECT TEST FROM @Array FOR JSON PATH), ' []') FOR JSON PATH, WITHOUT_ARRAY_WRAPPER. Used in data science, analytics, and engineering, SQL makes it easy to work with data and make more informed strategy, operations, and business decisions. It’s a helpful skill for anyone who works with data (even in non-tech roles). In this SQL course, you’ll learn how to manage large datasets and analyze real data.To fix this error either change the JSON to a JSON object (e.g. {"name":"value"}) or change the deserialized type to an array or a type that implements a collection interface (e.g. …SQL is a standard language for storing, manipulating and retrieving data in databases. Our SQL tutorial will teach you how to use SQL in: MySQL, SQL Server, MS Access, Oracle, Sybase, Informix, Postgres, and other database systems. Start learning SQL now ». Aug 2, 2018 · This is not returning a JSON Array,. SELECT '{}'::json[] The type json[] is not a "JSON Array", it's a SQL Array of type JSON. You should never be using this kind of structure. It's almost certainly a red flag of bad design. What you want to check is that a Real JSON Array is not empty, you can do that with jsonb_array_length(jsonb). ADF and Synapse data flows gave a Flatten transformation to make it easy to unroll an array as part of your data transformation pipelines. We've updated the Flatten transformation to now allow for multiple arrays that can be unrolled in a single transformation step. This will make your ETL jobs much simpler with fewer …How do I check if a map has no keys in Presto? If I have a way to check if an array is empty, I can use the map_keys function to determine if the map is empty.to fetch some data from the CMS but something's not working since I keep getting an empty array when executing. client.fetch ("* [_type == 'document']") (my dataset already has some documents created as I've tested in …We should take care of SQL injection vulnerabilities and an empty condition.I am going to handle both as below. For a pure numeric array, use the appropriate type conversion viz intval or floatval or doubleval over each element. First published on MSDN on Jun 10, 2016 Sql Server 2016 and Azure Sql Database enables you to easily modify JSON object and arrays. JSON_MODIFY updates the value of a property in a JSON string and returns the updated JSON string. Here I will show how to append objects in JSON array.Associative arrays have a number of useful methods for accessing array element indexes and manipulating elements effectively. To call a method you use the following syntax: array_name.method_name (parameters); Code language: PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL/pgSQL (pgsql) This syntax is similar to the syntax of calling a method in C# and Java.Work with arrays. In GoogleSQL for BigQuery, an array is an ordered list consisting of zero or more values of the same data type. You can construct arrays of simple data types, such as INT64, and complex data types, such as STRUCT s. The current exception to this is the ARRAY data type because arrays of arrays are not supported.Nov 15, 2015 · Teams. Q&A for work. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Learn more about Teams I have a problem splitting single column values to multiple column values. Name ------------ abcd efgh ijk lmn opq asd j. asdjja asb (asdfas) asd asd. first_name last_name ---------------------------------- abcd efgh ijk opq asd asdjja asb asd asd null. The middle name can be omitted (no need for a middle name) The columns are already …Querying Array fields. Djongo uses a mixture of Django query syntax and MongoDB query syntax. Consider a query to retrieve all entries made by the author Paul.Using ManyToManyField this requires 2 SQL queries. First selects the id for author Paul from the author table. Next, a JOIN with entry_authors and entry gives the corresponding entries.. …Empty Nest Blogs. Here are 30 Best Empty Nest Blogs you should follow in 2024. 1. Empty Nest Blessed. Dallas, Texas, US. Our mission is to Inspire Empty Nesters to embrace all the blessings this season of life has to offer. Follow us to keep up with the latest on travel,... more. emptynestblessed.com.Go has a built-in function, copy, to make this easier. Its arguments are two slices, and it copies the data from the right-hand argument to the left-hand argument. Here’s our example rewritten to use copy: newSlice := make ( []int, len (slice), 2*cap (slice)) copy (newSlice, slice) Run. The copy function is smart.We should take care of SQL injection vulnerabilities and an empty condition.I am going to handle both as below. For a pure numeric array, use the appropriate type conversion viz intval or floatval or doubleval over each element. Reshaping arrays. The first step is to reshape the arrays a bit. At the moment we are comparing apples and pears. This reshaping of data is easily done with two select actions. Select actions are similar to apply to each steps, as they process all records in an array, but they are a lot faster as each item is processed with a single operation.Nov 22, 2016 · inorder to explode array column values I used the following logic ... from pyspark.sql import SparkSession from pyspark.sql import DataFrame from pyspark.sql import ... MongoDB correlated subqueries are comparable to SQL correlated subqueries, where the inner query references outer query values. An SQL uncorrelated subquery does not reference outer query values. MongoDB 5.0 also supports concise correlated subqueries.Go has a built-in function, copy, to make this easier. Its arguments are two slices, and it copies the data from the right-hand argument to the left-hand argument. Here’s our example rewritten to use copy: newSlice := make ( []int, len (slice), 2*cap (slice)) copy (newSlice, slice) Run. The copy function is smart.Function list. Produces an array with one element for each row in a subquery. Concatenates one or more arrays with the same element type into a single array. Gets the number of elements in an array. Reverses the order of elements in an array. Produces a concatenation of the elements in an array as a STRING value.There is an accompanying article, Arrays and Lists in SQL Server, The Long Version, which includes many more ways to crack lists in to tables – and you could argue too many. This longer article is intended for an audience with a little more experience. Most likely, this short story should tell you all you need, but in a few places I will ... Here again we see the array being tested for null (test rcx, rcx) and the array’s length being checked (mov r8d, dword ptr [rcx+08H] then cmp r8d, 0x12345), but then with the array’s length in r8d, we then see this up-front block subtracting 42 from the length (add r8d, -42), and that’s before we continue into the fast-path loop in the …More modern SQL databases can store multiple, indexed values of the same data type in a single field called an array. There is no standard set of SQL functions for arrays. Instead, different flavors of SQL each have their own functions and aggregations. The ones we support in our SQL implementation include: ARRAY, ARRAY_AGG, ARRAY_APPEND, …And then I can parse it using the following query: SELECT a.AppId , [Permission] = c.Value ,b.PermissionTypeID FROM OPENJSON (@PermsJSON) WITH ( AppId INT N'$.AppId' ,Perms NVARCHAR (MAX) AS JSON ) AS a CROSS APPLY OPENJSON (a.Perms) WITH ( PermissionTypeID INT , [Permission] NVARCHAR (MAX) AS JSON ) AS b CROSS …We are trying to use FOR JSON Path in SQL Server 2016 for forming a Nested Array from a SQL Query. SQL Query: SELECT A, B.name as [child.name], B.date as [child.date] from Table 1 join Table 2 on Table 1.ID=Table 2.ID …Arrays are ordered lists in BigQuery. They are very powerful once you know how to use them, and can help with:. Transforming non-normalized data (e.g. Survey responses) Advanced string manipulation; Optimising storage and performanceHere's an example of using an multidimensional array in pl/sql. Here I use an array containing an array. declare type t_features is table of varchar (100) index by pls_integer; type t_car_rec is record ( make varchar2 (50), model varchar2 (50), features t_features ); type t_car_tab is table of t_car_rec index by pls_integer; car_tab t_car_tab ...More modern SQL databases can store multiple, indexed values of the same data type in a single field called an array. There is no standard set of SQL functions for arrays. Instead, different flavors of SQL each have their own functions and aggregations. The ones we support in our SQL implementation include: ARRAY, ARRAY_AGG, ARRAY_APPEND, …Feb 27, 2023 · We can insert array elements in an array by mentioning them within curly braces {} with each element separated by commas. Here is an example to illustrate the method for element addition in an array in SQL. Let us insert details into the above mentioned “product_details” table. The parts in “Green” color are the sections that illustrate ... How to declare Array variable in SQL Server? I want to execute one query in Stored Procedure, that should loop all the array values. declare arrayStoreID= …I've been searching through all the examples and answers of how to pass any array to sql server without the hassle of creating new Table type,till i found this linK, below is how I applied it to my project:--The following code is going to get an Array as Parameter and insert the values of that --array into another table.Spark function explode (e: Column) is used to explode or create array or map columns to rows. When an array is passed to this function, it creates a new default column “col1” and it contains all array elements. When a map is passed, it creates two new columns one for key and one for value and each element in map split into the row.ARRAY_EXCEPT compares arrays by using multi-set semantics (sometimes called “bag semantics”). If source_array includes multiple copies of a value, the function only removes the number of copies of that value that are specified in array_of_elements_to_exclude. In other words, if source_array has N copies of a value and array_of_elements_to ... The most simple way of doing this, is to use the ARRAY constructor's sub-query variant: SELECT person.person_name, ARRAY(SELECT animal_name FROM …In SQL, if you want to perform a SELECT with a wildcard, ... If you wanted to use an array of possible values, you'd use: SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE field_name IN ('one', 'two', 'three') But, what would you do if you wanted to use both wildcards AND an array?Feb 27, 2023 · We can insert array elements in an array by mentioning them within curly braces {} with each element separated by commas. Here is an example to illustrate the method for element addition in an array in SQL. Let us insert details into the above mentioned “product_details” table. The parts in “Green” color are the sections that illustrate ... Sep 8, 2015 · how to determine if the array is empty. I am pretty sure there is no elegant way to handle this without an UDF. I guess you already know you can use a Python UDF like this. isEmpty = udf (lambda x: len (x) == 0, BooleanType ()) It is also possible to use a Hive UDF: An array is a comma-delimited list of elements inside square brackets, as in. Copy code snippet. ["SQL", "PL/SQL"] The index for a JSON array starts at 0, which is different from the norm for PL/SQL collections, where nested tables and varrays start at index value 1. So the above array has elements defined at index values 0 and 1, not 1 …CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION f_check_no_null (anyarray) RETURNS bool LANGUAGE sql IMMUTABLE AS 'SELECT CASE WHEN $1 IS NOT NULL THEN array_position($1, NULL) IS NULL END'; You can then use it in a check constraint: CREATE TABLE foo ( array_with_no_nulls TEXT[] NOT NULL CHECK(f_check_no_null(array_with_no_nulls)) ); WP_User_Query is a core class that allows you to query users by various criteria, such as role, meta key, or email. You can also customize the output format, pagination, and caching of the query results. Learn how to use this powerful tool for your WordPress development.To use arrays in SAS code, first make sure that you understand the basic syntax of the SAS ARRAY statement. This section describes the ARRAY statement and provides a number of examples to illustrate its use. Subsequent sections …The DoublePrecisionFloatingPoint_value conforms to IEEE-754. path. Is an optional JSON path expression that references an object or an array within jsonExpression.OPENJSON seeks into the JSON text at the specified position and parses only the referenced fragment. For more info, see JSON Path Expressions (SQL Server).. …In this case, =FILTER(C3:D5,D3:D5<100,0) would return a 0 if there are no items in the array. Need more help? You can always ask an expert in the Excel Tech Community or get support in Communities. See Also. FILTER function. Dynamic arrays and spilled array behavior Nov 26, 2021 · I'm trying to use. @sanity/client. to fetch some data from the CMS but something's not working since I keep getting an empty array when executing. client.fetch ("* [_type == 'document']") (my dataset already has some documents created as I've tested in Vision) . Does anybody know how to debug this? Sep 8, 2015 · how to determine if the array is empty. I am pretty sure there is no elegant way to handle this without an UDF. I guess you already know you can use a Python UDF like this. isEmpty = udf (lambda x: len (x) == 0, BooleanType ()) It is also possible to use a Hive UDF: For numbers_array, UNNEST(numbers_array) returns a value table whose value type is INT64, since numbers_array is an array with an element type of INT64. This value table contains all of the elements in numbers_array for the current row from t1. For the row with an id of 1, the contents of the value table returned by UNNEST(numbers_array) …Stack Overflow Public questions & answers; Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers; Talent Build your employer brand ; Advertising Reach developers & technologists worldwide; Labs The future of collective knowledge sharing; About the companyNov 6, 2023 · so you are looking to get an empty array when there is NULL value. you can update your query with this. use COALESCE to convert a NULL to an empty array. COALESCE ( json_agg ( CASE WHEN pm.id IS NULL THEN NULL ELSE json_build_object ( 'id', pm.id, 'src', pm.src, 'alt', pm.alt ) END ), ' []' ) AS product_media. Share. Improve this answer. You can specify only one ARRAY JOIN clause in a SELECT query.. Supported types of ARRAY JOIN are listed below:. ARRAY JOIN - In base case, empty arrays are not included in the result of JOIN.; LEFT ARRAY JOIN - The result of JOIN contains rows with empty arrays. The value for an empty array is set to the default value for the array element …
to fetch some data from the CMS but something's not working since I keep getting an empty array when executing. client.fetch ("* [_type == 'document']") (my dataset already has some documents created as I've tested in …. Louisville football 247
May 22, 2020 · Create an empty array in an SQL query using PostgreSQL instead of an array with NULL inside. 114. Empty array as PostgreSQL array column default value. 0. They can be used to customize SQL*Plus script output. Substitution variable references in a statement are pre-processed and replaced before SQL*Plus executes the statement. Variable values can be pre-defined, prompted for, or set to script parameters. Variables can also hold values returned from queries.The type of the returned value can be different from the type that was passed when saving or updating the option. If the option value was serialized, then it will be unserialized when it is returned. In this case the type will be the same. For example, storing a non-scalar value like an array will return the same array.Enumerating JSON arrays with OPENJSON. Ask Question Asked 2 years, 1 month ago. Modified 2 years, 1 month ago. ... Is it possible to get SQL Server 2008 to download a file from a URL. 4. Adding indices to views. 3. XML/SQL Server 2008 Error: XQuery...Cannot implicitly atomize or apply 'fn: ...An array value is a structure that contains an ordered collection of elements. All elements of an array value must have the same data type. The cardinality of the array is equal to the number of elements in the array. An array value can be non-empty, empty (cardinality zero), or null. The individual elements in the array can be null or not null ... Accessing array elements. To access an array element you use the following syntax: varray_name (n); Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) (sql) n is the index of the element, which begins with 1 and ends with the max_elements the maximum number of elements defined in the VARRAY type. If n is not in the range (1, max_elements), …Spark SQL provides several Array functions to work with the ArrayType column, In this section, we will see some of the most commonly used SQL functions.s. 5.1 explode() Use explode() function to create a new row for each element in the given array column. There are various Spark SQL explode functions available to work with Array …The ARRAY command allows you to create an array from a group of values. The values can be field values, calculated values, literals, or a combination thereof. The only requirement is that all the values are of the same data type. The following is an example of creating an array using the city_array table and literals: I have a problem splitting single column values to multiple column values. Name ------------ abcd efgh ijk lmn opq asd j. asdjja asb (asdfas) asd asd. first_name last_name ---------------------------------- abcd efgh ijk opq asd asdjja asb asd asd null. The middle name can be omitted (no need for a middle name) The columns are already …Data Types. BigQuery supports several data types, some of which are standard (e.g. STRING, INT64), and others that are more complex (e.g. ARRAY, STRUCT). In general though they easily fall into the following categories or Supertypes: Numeric. INT64.May 1, 2018 · it's sql server method. select * into #Array --it's sql server temp table from ( select '123' [value] union all select '456' [value] union all select '789' [value] ) T ; SELECT * FROM YourTable WHERE YourColumn in (select * from #Array) use temp table like collection in sql An array value is a structure that contains an ordered collection of elements. All elements of an array value must have the same data type. The cardinality of the array is equal to the number of elements in the array. An array value can be non-empty, empty (cardinality zero), or null. The individual elements in the array can be null or not null ... Oct 26, 2023 · Learn all you need to know about SQL Arrays in this informative blog. Understand the basics of What is an Array in SQL and learn the steps to create an SQL Array. Dive deeper into the realm of SQL Array functions and unravel their purposes and functionalities. Returns an array the same size as the source array, indicating for each element what its position is among elements with the same value. For example: arrayEnumerateUniq ( [ 10, 20, 10, 30]) = [ 1, 1, 2, 1]. This function is useful when using ARRAY JOIN and aggregation of array elements. 2. Edit your Excel online, if needed. You can edit your data online like Excel through Table Editor, and the changes will be converted into JSON Array in real-time. 3. Copy the converted JSON Array. The JSON data has been generated in the box of Table Generator. This handy converter will output an array of objects by default, in addition to ...Nov 9, 2023 · Next. 9.19. Array Functions and Operators #. Table 9.53 shows the specialized operators available for array types. In addition to those, the usual comparison operators shown in Table 9.1 are available for arrays. The comparison operators compare the array contents element-by-element, using the default B-tree comparison function for the element ... Nov 3, 2012 · Before creating the SQL, check for the array size. If the size is 0, generate the where statement as 1 = 2, as in: SELECT * FROM USERS WHERE name in () becomes. SELECT * FROM USERS WHERE 1 = 2. For "not in" on an empty array, generate an always true statement as in: SELECT * FROM USERS WHERE name not in () becomes. .